Eichaed j



(No Model.)

R. J. SANKEY. STOPPERING'BOTTLES FOR AERATED OR GASEOUS LIQUIDS. No.297,298.

Patented Apr. 22,1884.

UNITED STATES PATENT Oriana RICHARD J. SANKEY, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

STOPPERING BOTTLES FOR AERATED OR GASEOUS LIQUIDS SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No, 297,298, dated April 22, 1884.

Application filed June 1], 1883. (No model.) Iatenied in England April30, 1883, No. 2,176; in Germany May 26, 1883, N0. 24,74'1; in VictoriaAugust 7, 1883, No. 3,516, in South Australia August 13, 1883, No. 380,and in New South Wales October 11, 1883, No.

To all whom it may concern:

- ing at London, England, have invented new and useful Improvements inStoppering Bottles for Containing Aerated 0r Gaseous Liquids, of whichthe following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in stoppering bottles forcontaining aerated or gaseous liquids when such bottles are closed byinternal stoppers; and the improvements consist in an improved method offitting and fixing in the neck ofthe bottle the india-rubber ring whichforms the seat for the stopper to bear against.

In carrying out the first part of my invention I utilize the knownproperty of hard india rubber, usually called vulcanite or ebonite, bywhich such material, after hav-' ing been expanded or contracted, willretain such expanded or contracted shape until it be heated,when it willrecover its original shape. I employ a bottle having ashoulder or stepin the neck thereof, the opening of the neck either above or below thesaid step or shoulder being somewhat of a conical shape, narrowing as itrecedes from the shoulder or step. Over or under the sh oulder orstep,and resting thereon, (the-stopper having been previously insertedin the bottle,) I place an india-rubber ring, such as is usuallyemployed for use with internal stoppers. For fixing this india-rubberring against the said shoulder or step I employ a ring of ebonite, madein the first instance of about the same size as the above-namedindia-rubber ring-that is to say, with a hole-in the center somewhatsmaller than the diameter of the stopper. I then, by means of a suitabletool, compress the outside diameter of the ebonite ring to such a sizethat it can be passed into the bottle, and when the ring has been placedfiatwise upon the said rubber ring heat is applied in a suitable mannerto the ebonite ring, and in a short time the ebonite ring will expanduntil it tightly fits against the surface of the neck of the bottleabove or below the india-rubber ring, (as the case may be,) and willthus firmly hold the same against the hereinbefore-described step orshoulder in the hotor be itself broken or injured.

tle-neck, so that it cannot be removed without first removing theebonite ring. Instead of employing a bottle with a shoulder or step inthe neck, the interior of the neck of the bottle may be formed of asuitably double-curved shape, and the shoulder or step may beconstructed of one ebonite ring, and the rubber ring may be inserted andheld against the step or first ring by another ebonite ring. The stopperwhich I find it advantageous to employ in combination with aseatingconstructedand 6o fitted as hereinbefore described, consists of ahollowoval or donble-cone-shaped stopper, of glass, porcelain, or othersuitable sink-able material, the object of making the stopper hollowbeing to lighten it, so that in sinking to thg bottom of the bottle whenthe bottle is opened the stopper shall not break or injure the bottle\Other suitable stoppers may, however, be used with my improvedseating,and the hereinbefore-described 7o stopper may be used with theordinary seating.

In order to enable my invention to be fully understood,I will proceed todescribe the same by reference to the accompanying drawings, in whichFigure 1 shows a section of the mouth of a bottle provided with aseating according to my invention; Fig. 2, a similar view, but showingthe internal stopper in the position it occupies when pressed againstthe seating Fig. 3, an elevationofa complete bottle; Fig. 4, a sectionof the bottle-neck without seating; Fig. 5, a detached plan of theindia-rubber seating before being placed in the bottle; Fig. 6, plan ofthe vulcanite fixing-ring before compression, and Fig. 7, a plan of thesame after compression; Fig. 8, a view similar to Fig. l, but showingthe vulcanite ring before being expanded against the bottle-neck Fig. 9,section of a bottle-necl ,showing the elastic seating placed underastepor shoulder in the neck; and Fig. 10, a section of a bottle-necl,sliowing the elastic seating fixed in position by two vulcanite rings.

Similar letters in all the figures represent similar or correspondingparts.

Iwill first describe my improvements by reference to Figs. 1 to 8,inclusive.

a is the bottle, and b the step or shoulder in the neck thereof, theopening of the neck narrowing as it recedes from the shoulder Z2, so asto be somewhat of a conical shape.

0 is the improved stopper, formed hollow and of a double cone shape, andmade of suitable sinkable material. A stopper of this construction (orany other suitable known stopper) is placed in the bottle. I then placeupon the step or shoulder b an ordinary vulcanized indiarubber ring, (I,such as that shown in detached plan at Fig. 5, or a ring or seating ofother suitable elastic material. To fix this seating-ring in position Iemploy a ring of vulcanite, 0, made in the first instance of about thediameter shown in the detached View at Fig. 6. I then compress this ring6 by suitable means until it is reduced to such a diameter, as shown inFig. 7, that it can be passed into the bottle a. The ring 6 is then laidflatwise upon the seating d, as shown in Fig. 8, and heat is applied tothe vulcanite ring 6, and in a short time it will expand until ittightly fits against the interior of the neck, as shown in Fig. 1, so asto firmly hold the seating cl against the step or shoulder b, theconical shape of the mouth of the bottle preventing the ringc from risinring (when used as proposed by me) firmlyin its seat, as required. Forinstance, suitable projections or recesses may be formed in the neck ofthe bottle, against or into which the ebonite ring or parts of it maybepressed; but the means I have hereinbefore shown seem to me to be mostconvenient on the whole.

Having thus described my said invention and the best means I amacquainted with for carrying the same into effect, I wish it to beunderstood that What I claim is- 1. The method herein described offixing an elastic seating in the narrowing 0r conical neck of a bottle,consisting in first reducing in diameter a ring of hard india-rubber,usually called vulcanite or ebonite, next passing it into thebottle-neck, placing it against an elastic seating in such neck, andthen subjecting it to heat until the said ring expands and becomestightly fitted in the interior of the bottle and against the elasticseating, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. A bottle for internal stoppers, having a conical or narrowing openingin its neck, and having an interior rubber seating resting upon a stepand held to place therein by an expanded hard-rubber ring, substantiallyinthe manner herein shown and described.

3. A bottle for internal stoppers, having a narrowing neck, and having aseating fixed in such neck resting upon a step consisting of an expandedvulcanite ring, and held to place thereon by another expanded vulcanitering, substantially in the manner herein shown and described.

It. J. SANKEY.

\Vitnesses:

G. F. BEDFERN, F. Peron.

